Natural disaster

Eruption of Tambora

10 April 1815 · Tambora, Sumbawa

Background

The catastrophic eruption of Tambora devastates surrounding communities and releases large quantities of aerosols into the atmosphere. The resulting cooling contributes to crop failures and the Year Without a Summer in 1816.

Estimates & margins

Deaths60,000 – 100,000(most cited: 71,000)
The total includes both immediate deaths and later mortality from famine and disease; regional records are incomplete.
Mount Tambora · 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora

Historians disagree on exact figures; the range shown reflects the scholarly literature.

...